Retinal Detachment
An ophthalmic emergency in which the retina separates from the back wall of the eye. Recognizing warning signs early makes all the difference in preserving vision.
How Retinal Detachment Happens
In most cases (rhegmatogenous retinal detachment), the vitreous gel inside the eye separates from the retina and pulls on a fragile area, creating a tear. Liquid then passes through this tear and lifts the retina away from the underlying tissue that nourishes it.
Risk factors include moderate to high myopia, peripheral retinal degenerations (such as lattice degeneration), prior eye trauma, family history, and previous ocular surgery.
Warning Symptoms (Seek Immediate Evaluation)
- •Sudden onset or shower of dark spots, cobwebs, or "floaters" in vision.
- •Flashes of light (photopsia), especially in peripheral vision or dim lighting.
- •A dark shadow or "curtain" advancing across part of the visual field.
Prevention with Laser & Surgical Treatment
When a retinal tear is diagnosed before the retina detaches, office-based retinal laser photocoagulation seals the margins around the tear and prevents detachment in the vast majority of cases.
Once the retina has detached, treatment is surgical—most commonly via pars plana vitrectomy, in which the vitreous traction is relieved, the retina is reattached, laser is applied around the tears, and a gas bubble or silicone oil is placed inside the eye to support healing.
This condition is part of the Retina & Intravitreal Injections specialty.
Frequently Asked Questions
Are floaters always a sign of retinal detachment?
Not always. Floaters are often caused by natural vitreous aging, but a sudden onset or increase in floaters—especially with flashes of light—requires a prompt dilated retinal exam to rule out retinal tears.
Can a retinal tear be treated before the retina detaches?
Yes. When a retinal tear is detected early, before fluid detaches the retina, it can usually be sealed in the clinic with laser photocoagulation.